Machine for forming spurs and the like upon bars.



C. E. JACOBSON.

MACHINE FOR FORMING SPURS AND THE LIKE UPON BARS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 1, 1912.

1 ,144, 1 32. Patented June 22, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHOTO-LITHO-, WASHINGIDN. D C.

C-. E. JACOBSON, MACHINE FOR FORMING SPURS AND THE LIKE UPON BARS.

N FILED JULY 1. 1912.

APPLICATIO 13,144,132. Patentedlune 22,1915.

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Patented June 22, 1915.

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FORMING SPURS AND THE LlKE UPON BARS.

APPLICA m WW M mix 1 l%% 1 W WTEE STATEE PATENT @EEIQE CHARLES E. JACOBSON, OF MANCHESTER, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T0 CRESCENT CALK CORPORATION, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, A CORPORA- TION OF NEW YORK.

MACHINE FOR FORMING SPURS AND THE LIKE UPON BARS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 22, 1915.

Application filed July 1, 1912. Serial No. 706,928.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. JAooBsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Manchester, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMachines for Forming Spurs and the like upon Bars, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for forming spurs and the like upon bars.

The machine can be employed with advantage in widely different connections, although it is of especial utility for making horse-shoe calks, and in this particular use the projection consists of a barb or prong projecting from the body of the calk.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification I have shown in detail one of the several convenient forms of embodiment of the invention which to enable those skilled in the art to practice the same will be fully set forth in the following description, while the novelty of the invention will be defined in the claims succeeding said description.

From the foregoing it will be clear that I do not limit myself to such disclosures; I may depart therefrom in several respects within the scope of the invention covered by said claims.

Referring to said drawings: Figure 1 is a top plan view of a forging machine involving my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of said machine. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the same, and, Fig. 4 is a detail View of an article made by the machine.

Like characters refer to like parts throughout the several figures of the drawin s.

lhe different parts of the machine may be supported by any suitable framework, that shown being denoted in a general way a by 10. Mounted on and constituting part of the framework is a plate as 11 which is approximately of Z-shape in cross section, and this plate or bracket 11 carries certain levers and other parts hereinafter described and also supports the stock or work which is usually but not necessarily in the form of a bar 12.

In the upper horizontal portion or branch of the plate or bracket 11 is a longitudinally extending groove 13 and in said groove is fitted the anvil 14 which ordinarily, but not essentially, consists of a hard metal block or bar. The stock or work 12 is sustained by the anvil 14:, which latter is shown as backed up by the stop 15 shown as being ad ustable and as consisting of a set screw tapped through the upstanding projection 16 on the top or table portion of the framing 10. The anvil 14 as will be understood is longitudinally adjustable and after being adjusted it should be held immovable, for which purpose any suitable means such as the wedge 17 may be provided, said wedge fitting in the groove 13 between the anvil 14 and one wall of the groove and being adapted when advanced to drive said anvil solidly and substantially against the opposite wall of said groove.

In the organization illustrated there are three principal tools. It is not imperative that they all operate at the same time, nor is it necessary that they be employed in a single apparatus. When three such tools are employed, however, two of them operate upon opposite sides of the stock while the other one acts in a direction substantially transversely to the two side operating tools, and these three tools which for example may take the form of hammers or drawing devices act jointly to draw a barb from the stock. As will hereinafter appear the barb is shown at the end of the stock, but this is quite immaterial as it may be at any other suitable place.

The plate 11 to which allusion has already been made constitutes a suitable support for the carriers for the tools or hammers, and the said carriers in the present instance take the form of levers, the levers for the side operating tools being denoted by 18 and 19 and being pivoted between their ends to bearings upon the vertical or upright portion of the bracket or plate 11. The heads or upper ends of the levers 18 and 19 are grooved as at 20 to receive the side tools or hammers 21 which are of practically duplicate construction, said tools being firmly held in the grooves by clamping members as 22 attached by screws or otherwise to said heads. The working portions or ends of the side operating tools 21 are somewhat beveled, and these tools as will hereinafter appear are moved toward and from the work from opposite sides thereof.

The hammer carriers 18 are given simultaneous blows for example by cam mechanism as will hereinafter appear so as to carry the hammers or tools 21 against opposite sides of the stock with a rapid or accelerated action or blow, the result being that the stock is forced from the bar 12 and pressed downwardly, this action being aided by the third tool or hammer hereinafter described, the consequence being that when the several tools have completed a cycle of operations a barb on the stock will be the result. It should be noted of course as has already been intimated that it may not in all cases be necessary to employ the three tools, but the operation will be facilitated, however, by so doing.

As already .intimated the third tool is shown as operating on the extreme end of the stock, but as I have already stated this is not a matter of consequence as its effect may be applied at any other suitable place.

The third tool or hammer is designated by 23, and its carrier consists also of a lever 24: fulcrumed for swinging movement between its ends upon a bearing supported by the lower horizontal portion of the bracket or plate 11, the tool or hammer 23 being clamped as by the screw 25 to the slide 26 slidably supported by the carrier or lever '24. The lever 24 constitutes what might be considered a main carrier for the third tool or hammer 23, while the slide 26 acts as a supplemental or auxiliary carrier for said third tool, the latter in the present instance being rigidly connected with the auxiliary carrier 26 which, as will be clear, has a sliding movement upon the main carrier for a purpose that will hereinafter appear. Owing to the peculiar mounting of what I have termed the third tool, the latter is given a compound movement so that its active end will follow a diagonal path which in the present instance is at a downward forward angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the stock 12. While this particular movement of the working portion of the third tool is accomplished by the joint action of the tool carriers, it may be within the scope ofthe invention otherwise obtained, although the means illustrated is highly advantageous. It will be clear that when the lever 2a is rocked and when the slide 26 is advanced, the active end or working portion of the tool 23 will be caused to follow such a path, and it follows this path during the simultaneous action of the two side hammers 23, so that said three hammers in steps as will hereinafter appear act to draw the stock from the blank 12 downward and produce a barb which is substantially pyramidal in form, the stock being thrust against the front end of the anvil 14 during the hammering or forging operation. The

operable by a cam such as that denoted in a general way by 28 and which in the present instance is fastened in some suitable manner to the shaft 29 supported by hearings on the framing of the machine. This shaft is driven in some suitable manner as by beveled gearlng as will hereinafter appear from the main shaft 30 which is continuously rotated in some suitable way the framing of the machine being furnished with bearings to sustain said main shaft 30. At the inner end of said main shaft is fastened a bevel'gear 31 in mesh with the substantially similar bevel gear 32 on the shaft 29. It is, therefore, clear that when the shaft 30 is rotated the cam 28 will be turned to effect the action of the lever 24..

The lever branches27 are shown provided with anti-friction rollers 33 engageable by cam steps 34- upon the upper and lower faces of the cam 28, said camsteps being so shaped as to impart, without the use of springs, an oscillation of the necessary extent to the carrier or lever 2 and when said lever is thus operated, the tool 23 at the innerend thereof will be caused to move up and down. The cam 28 is provided with a peripheral cam portion 35, the function of which is to advance the slide 26, the latter being equipped at its inner end with an anti-friction roller 36 engageable by said cam portion for such purpose.

The retractive or backward movement of the slide 26 may be accomplished by spring means, the spring 37 beingshown forthis purpose and being fastened as by a screw 38 to the projection 39 on the top plate 40 of the inner branch of the lever 24, said top plate being slotted for the passage of the free portion of said spring 37 and the free end thereof fitting ina notch 41 in the slide or auxiliary tool carrier 26. It will be understood that while the lever 2a is being rocked by the cam steps 3%, the slide 26 is being reciprocated by the joint action of the cam portion 35 and spring 37 to cause the active portion of the end operating or third tool 23 to follow the diagonal path to which reference has already been made. The upper and lower surfaces of the cam '28and the peripheral portion thereof have ineffective portions, and when these ineffective portions come opposite the anti-friction rollers 33 and 36, the lever 24 and the slide 26 will be at rest, and in this period of rest the stock 12 can beadvanced and as will hereinafter appear the side hammers also have a similar period of rest. As I will also hereinafter point out, there is a length of the stock cut from the leading end thereof at practically the time the barb has been completed, and this length with the barb thereon constitutes a calk.

The carriers 18 and 19 for the side hammers are given accelerated advancing movements in the construction shown by cam means, and are equally rapidly returned by spring means. The cam for operating the lever 18 is denoted by 42, while the cam for operating the companion lever 19' is denoted by 43, both said cams being fastened to the shaft 30 and their active portions being adapted to engage studs such as antifriction rollers 44 supported between the ends of the lower arms or branches of said levers 18 and 19. The cams 42 and 43 have steps 45 and 46, and the rise of each of the steps 45 and 46 separates the lower arms of the levers 18 and 19, thereby moving the upper arms and consequently the hammers 21 inward, spring means such as the spring 4? being provided to secure opposite movement. The spring 47 is shown as being of coiled form, and its terminals as connected with the lower ends of the two levers 18 and 19. It will be clear that when the relief portion of a cam step (45 or 46) comes opposite the cooperating anti-friction roller 44, the lower arms of the levers 18 and 19 are instantly drawn together so as to simultaneously retract the two side hammers 21. It might be stated that there are four cam steps on each of the cams 42 and 43, and it, therefore, follows that each of the side hammers is given four blows during each cycle of operations. It will be also understood that the carrier 24 and carrier 26 are given a corresponding number of movements.

It is desirable that the stock be positively held against action during the forging operation, and while any suitable means may be provided in this connection, that shown and now to be described meets the necessary conditions. Fastened in some convenient manner to the lever 48 is a clamping member 49 which consists of a pin, the lower end of which is somewhat pointed. The lever 48 is pivoted between its ends upon a bearing on the plate or bracket 11, the clamping member or pin 49 being connected to the short or inner arm of said lever. The tip or lower end of the part 49 is adapted to engage the stock 12 during. the forging operation to press the same firmly against the anvil or block 14. Fastened to the main shaft 30 is a cam 50, the active portion of 5 slightly beyond the forging operation.

When the active portion of the cam 50 passes free of the anti-friction roller 51, the lever 48 and hence the clamping member 49 will be released, the latter thus freeing the stock 12, so that the same can be advanced by hand or otherwise, the leading end of the stock being out 01f as will hereinafter appear. I have shown connected with the long arm of the lever 48 and to the framework 10 a pull spring 52, the purpose of which is to pull said long arm inward and remove the clamping member 49 from the stock after the effective portion of the cam 50 has passed out of contact with the antifriction roller 51.

As will be understood from the observations already made, the machine involves cutting mechanism for severing a length of the stock at the leading or forward end thereof, the stock being cut off just back of the barb and the initial cutting operation occurring practically contemporaneously with the first blow of the several hammers, the cutting edge of the cutter being disposed in advance of the several tools to insure this result. This cutting mechanism might be omitted or one of a difierent nature employed. The cutting mechanism shown and now to be described is quite satisfactory and comprises a knife 53 which is moved progressively through the stock back of the leading end there. This knife or cutter 53 in the construction shown consists of a blade. The knife or cutter 53 as will hereinafter appear is connected with the tool carrier 18, for relative swinging or rocking motion, by virtue of which said knife or cutter 53 can follow a straight path notwithstanding the fact that the lever 18 has a movement about an axis. In the constructionshown the knife or cutter 53 is connected with a yoke 54 pivotally supported between the branches of a bifurcation 55 at the upper end of the lever 18.

The shank of the knife or cutter 53 is adapted to fit between the branches of the yoke 54 and at opposite sides of the same in the construction shown. are disposed the filling pieces 56. Through one branch of the yoke 54 is tapped the screw 57 which engages against one of the filling pieces and presses the several filling pieces and the knife or cutter against the opposite branch so as to firmly secure the blade or cutter to the yoke. By changing the lateral position of the blade or knife 53, which can be accomplished by the shifting of the spacing or filling members 56, the length of calk or equivalent article to be out can be readily varied. fnconnection with the blade 53 is a second blade 58 which in the construction shown is normally stationary, however. The blade 58 engages against one side of the stock 12 while the blade 53 is adapted to out against the opposite side of the stock, the

two blades cotiperating in effect to make a shearing out being of such construction as to obtain this result. The blade 58 fits between the branches of a bifurcation 59 on the plate or bracket 11, and in connection with it are filling pieces or spacing members 60 and a set screw 61 exactly like the filling pieces and set screw 56 and 57 respectively already described, by reason of which the blade 58 can be laterally adjusted to conform with the lateral position of the blade 53.

It will be understood that each time'the upper branch of the lever 18 is moved inward to cause the working stroke of the hammer thereof, the blade 53 is advanced so as to project the same against the stock and make a cut, four cuts in all being made, and when they are concluded the stock will be severed. In the present instance as the lever 18 oscillates the cutter or blade 53 traverses the upper surface of the upper horizontal portion of the plate or bracket 11, accidental upward displacement of the blade being prevented in some suitable manner as by the spring 62 connected with the yoke 54- and also with the lever 18. The steps 4:5 of the cam 42 are of progressively increasing height so as to thereby impart to the carrier 18 and hence to the tool supported thereby a step-by-step inward movement. That is to say the first of the series of steps of the carrier 18 will move the same a certain distancc, the second step a little farther, the third step farther still, and the fourth step will complete the movement which prevents injury to the stock by gradually drawing the barb therefrom.

After the calk is formed, it is positively moved from place in some suitable manner and it can be pushed into the trough or chute 63 by the pusher member 64, said trough being supported by the plate or bracket 11.

The pusher consists of a rod supported and guided in a channel in the upper horizontal portion of the plate or bracket 11 and capable of reciprocation, the head ofthe pusher 64: being adapted to be moved against the calk immediately after the same is formed so as to positively force the same into said chute 63. The pusher 64: may be moved back and forth in any suitable manner. The means shown for this purpose will now be described. Fulcrumed between its ends on a bracket 65 carried by the frame- I work of the machine is a lever 66, one end of which is jointed to the outer end of the pusher 64, while the other end thereof is furnished with an anti-friction roller 67 cooperative with the cam 68 fastened to the vertical shaft 29, the active portion of the cam 68 being adapted to engage said antifriction. roller just about the time the fourth step of the hammers and knife has been completed, so that on the continued movement of the cam, said active portion will through the lever 66 thrust the pusher 6 f inward to positively expel the calk from place and into the chute in the manner already described.

Return movement of the pusher 64 can be effected by the spring 69. connected to the framework of the machine and also to a rigid arm 70 at the inner end of the lever 66. The front end of the stock is preferably but not necessarily moved against a gage such as '71 which may be fastened as by screws 72 to the upper horizontal portion of the plate 11. The stock engaging portion of the gage extends slightly beyond the anvil 14:, the distance being approximately the maximum thickness of the barb. Initially,

therefore,the work 12 is placed upon the anvil 14 and is moved longitudinally until its forward end abuts against the work holding portion of the gage 71, and when this relation is present the machine is ready to operate on the stock. The latter statement which fact the gage is longitudinally adjustable or in the direction of the stock. In Fig. 2 the working end of the gage engages the inner end of the stock at a point immediately above the barb forming Zone. To form a barb back of the end of the stock, the,

screws 7 2 will be loosened and the gage 71 adjusted inward the requisite distance after which the screws will be tightened and the end of the stock projected to engage the working end of the gage which will be inward behind the barb forming zone, the interval between these two points depending upon where the barb is to be formed.

I should explain that when a barb isto be formed upon the end of the stock, that the the mechanism shown for this purpose will now be set forth. Keyed or otherwise suitably fastened to said shaft 30 is a spur gear 74 meshing with a pinion 7 5 fastened to the shaft 7 6 carried by bearings on the framework of the machine, and this shaft 76 in turn may be rotated in any convenient way; for example by a pulley (not shown).

While it is believed the action of the apparatus nill be fully comprehended from the statements already made, nevertheless it is probably desirable to briefly describe the same. The anvil 14 is, if it be not in place, introduced into the channel 13 and the wedge 17 is applied to clamp said anvil in place, the anvil extending a short distance beyond the vertical portion of the plate 11. The work is then placed on the anvil and it is then moved longitudinally so as to carry its extreme forward end slightly beyond the inner end of the anvil, and until the same abuts against the gage 71. The work is now in condition to be forged, and if the shaft 76 be not in rotation, it will be put in action by the shifting of a belt, throwing of a clutch or some other like act, by virtue of which the shaft 30 and the shaft 29 through the described connections will be simultaneously rotated so as to impart simultaneously to the three hammers 21 and 23 working movements, said hammers jointly operating as already set forth to gradually draw down the stock from the work or blank 12 in steps, and in the construction shown when a fourth step is concluded a barb will be produced. While the hammers are operated, the work is clamped by the clamping member 49 as already set forth, and when the hammers have finished their operation the clamping member as is operated to release the work at about which time the pusher 64 is operated to expel the finished article from place and into the trough 63, the said article having been cut from the stock during movement of the tools or hammers.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the annexed drawings it will be clear that what I have termed the third or transversely operating tool 23 is presented to the work at an angle to the longitudinal axis thereof, and by longitudinal axis I mean that which is transverse to the barb. After this tool 23 strikes the work it is given a lateral movement or one away from the body of the work in an oblique direction. This is a highly advantage ous construction and is especially important if not essential where a barb is to be formed upon the work back of the head end thereof when the same is in the form of a bar or length of stock or between the ends of a piece of work equaling in length approximately that of the finished calk.

What i claim is:

1. A machine of the class described comprising an oscillatory carrier, a slidable carrier on said oscillatory carrier, provided with a forging tool. means for oscillating said oscillatory carrier and means for advancing said slidable carrier on said osci1- latory carrier during the oscillatory movement of said oscillatory carrier.

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support, tools to operate upon the work from opposite sides thereof, an oscillatory carrier, a slidable carrier on said oscillatory carrier provided with a tool to operate upon the work transversely of said side operating tools, means for oscillating said oscillatory carrier and means for advancing said slidable carrier on said oscillatory carrier during the oscillation of said slidable carrier.

3. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a plurality of carriers, one of which is supported by another, a tool connected with the supported carrier, and mechanism for simultaneously and independently operating said carriers, to cause said tool to follow an oblique path.

a. In a. machine of the class described, the combination of a work support, a plurality of tools to operate upon the Work from opposite sides thereof, means for causing said tools to strike the work at substantially the same place several times, a tool to operate upon the work in the space between the other tools, means for causing said last mentioned tool to strike the work several times and means for also giving to the same a lateral movement at approximately the time it is against the work.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a plurality of tools to act upon the work at opposite sides thereof, a tool to operate upon the work transversely of the other tools, and mechanism for imparting to said last mentioned tool an endwise movement and a lateral movement in an oblique direction.

6. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support, an oscillatory carrier. a slidable carrier on said oscil latory carrier, a cam provided with means for oscillating said oscillatory carrier and also provided with means for advancing said slidable carrier, independent means for retracting said. slidable carrier, and a tool connected with said slidable carrier.

'4'. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support, a lever pivotally supported between its ends and one branch of which is provided with a bifurcation, a slidable member on the other branch of the lever, a tool carried by said slidable member, a rotary cam provided with steps for engaging the branches of said bifurcation to thereby oscillate the lever and also provided withmeans for advancing said slidable member, and spring means for retracting said slidable member.

9. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a lever, a cam provided with means for oscillating said lever, a slide on the lever, the cam having means to advance said slide, spring means on the lever for retracting said slide, and a tool connected with said slide.

10. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a lever having a bifurcation, a cam provided with steps engaging the branches of the bifurcation to provide a succession of oscillations to said lever, a slide on the lever, the cam having means for moving the slide in one direction, independent means for moving the slide in the opposite direction, and a tool connected with said slide.

11. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support, a plurality of tools operative upon thework from opposite sides thereof, an end operating tool, a lever, a slide on said lever to which said end operating tool is connected, and a cam provided with means for rocking said lever and for also operating the slide With respect to the lever.

12. In a machine of the class described, 7

the combination of a work support, a plurality of tools operative upon the Work from opposite sides thereof, a tool operative said transversely operable tool is connected,

means for oscillating said oscillatory carrier and means for reciprocating said slidable carrier on said oscillatory carrier during the movement of and relatively to said oscillatory carrier.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a Work support, tool means active upon the Work by a succession of blows to form a barb on the Work, a cutter, and means for causing the cutter to act upon the Work several times during the barb forming operation.

14. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a Work support, tool means for imparting a succession of blows to the work to form a barb thereon, and a cutter, and means for causing the cutter to act upon the work several times during the barb forming operation and each time in advance of the tool means. V

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support, a forging tool, means for causing said tool to impart a succession of blows to the work, and a cutter operative with said tool and positioned to act on the work in advance of said tool.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES E. JACOBSON.

Witnesses:

HEATH SUTHERLAND, F. E. .ANDERSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Batcnts, Washington, D. G. 

